Morphologically and genetically diagnosed dermal dioctophyme. A case report of dioctophyma renale in the peritoneal. Dioctophyma renale information including symptoms, causes, diseases, symptoms, treatments, and other medical and health issues. The worm is red and cylindrical, and adult females measure 20100 cm long and 412 mm in. The aptly named dioctophyma renale reaches maturity in the hosts kidneys. The topic dioctophyme renale infection you are seeking is a synonym, or alternative name, or is closely related to the medical condition dioctophymiasis.
There has been some confusion about the history of discovery of d. Dioctophymatidae, commonly known as the giant kidney worm. Dioctophyme species dioctophyme renale name synonyms ascaris renale goeze, 1782 dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 homonyms dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 common names nierenriesenpalisadenwurm in german nierenwurm in german. Maned wolves chrysocyon brachyurus contract giant kidney worms dioctophyma renale as pups, and these parasites always infect the right kidney, leading to severe damage or destruction of the organ 17. Dioctophyma renale is the giant kidney worm, the largest of parasitic nematodes. Dioctophyme renale is a nematode parasite of dogs, usually found in the right kidney, causing severe damage to the renal parenchyma objectives. Media in category dioctophyme renale the following 8 files are in this category, out of 8 total. In fresh water or humid soil, the larva 1 is developed and hatched, if this egg is swallowed by the intermediate host oligochaetes.
It has a worldwide distribution, but its incidence is unknown. Jul 18, 2015 dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 is a member of dioctophymatidae, due to which size, known as the giant kidney worm. Dioctophyme renale is within the scope of wikiproject animals, an attempt to better organize information in articles related to animals and zoology. Introduction dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 enoplida. Microscopic wetmount examination figure 4 of urine showed multiple eggs characteristic of that parasite. In 2009, the first case of domestic cat dioctophymosis in brazil was confirmed.
From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and wellbeing around the world. Adult females are sufficiently larger than their male counterparts. The present report describes the clinical observations of a d. Eggs embryonated at temperatures from 14 c to 30 c. Dioctophyme renale an overview sciencedirect topics. Symptoms of this disease in the human include renal dysfunction, blood in the urine and kidney spasms. Dioctophyme renale definition of dioctophyme renale by. Combine searches by placing the search numbers in the top search box and pressing the search button. This study reports a case of parasitism by the dioctophyma renale in the peritoneal cavity with both sexes of worms in a stray dog from east azerbaijan, iran. Dioctophyme renale a food borne helminthic infection can be acquired by humans with consumption of aquatic parasitized edible items occasionally worldwide. Dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 infection in a domestic dog. Dioctophyme renale is indeed a giant over a yard long worm that can live in the kidney of a dog, cat, fox, human, pig or any predator but most commonly it is found in the mink. Pdf dioctophyme renale in vulpes vulpes from the caspian.
Individuals with dioctophyme renale infection typically present with unspecific symptoms including hematuria blood in urine, nephritis, loin pain, renal enlargement, andor renal colic intermittent pain in the kidney area, which may result from the en. Eating raw or undercooked fish, frogs or crawfish livers can cause the disease. First isolation of dioctophyme renale eggs from an urban. Treatment of giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in dogs. Dioctophyme renale is commonly referred to as giant kidney worm 1 because it is the largest helminth 2 to parasitize humans 3 and has the propensity to affect the kidneys. The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students.
Dioctophyme renale nematoda, dioctophymatidae infection in. Dioctophyme renale wikipedias dioctophyme renale as. This parasite has a wide distribution and is also known as the giant kidney worm due to the gigantic dimensions of the adults. Dioctophyma renale was found in the right kidney of 48% of mink mustela vison trapped in late fall and winter in the black river area of ontario. It affects fish eating mammals, particularly mink 1 and dogs 4.
Also known as giant kidney worms, they are one of the largest nematodes capable of infecting humansadult females grow to be over 100 cm long they. From this stage on, there are three routes of transmission. The worm is red and cylindrical, and adult females measure 20100 cm long and 412 mm in diameter. Mar 07, 2018 dioctophymiasis is the result of an infection by dioctophyme renale, a rare, large parasitic roundworm commonly found infecting the kidney tissue of carnivorous animals, such as minks and other wild mammals, and domesticated dogs. This page was last edited on 25 january 2019, at 05. Hence, strict species identification of the causative agent was withheld in the previous case reports, only referring to as dioctophyme like,dioctophymatid, or dioctophyme sp.
It affects fish eating mammals, particularly mink and dogs. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Roundwormdioctophyma renale causes dioctophymiasis. The objective was to evaluate the acute phase response in dogs naturally infected with this giant kidney worm and the possible effects of nephrectomy on circulating concentrations of select acute phase proteins app such as serum amyloid. Dioctophyme renale is known as the giant kidney worm, and parasitizes a wide range of primarily fisheating carnivorous mammals including mustelids. During a long term of road survey for detection of the zoonotic helminthes in carnivores, a male vulpes vulpes was naturally found infected by dioctophyme renale in caspian sea littoral in iran. Giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in a dog blogger. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Dioctophyme renale is a rare and giant worm that can live in the kidney of a dog, cat, fox, human, pig or any predator but most commonly affects the mink. Dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782, is a parasitic nematode that belongs to the order of ascaridida and the family of dioctophymatidae bowman, 2014.
Dioctophyme renale is a zoonotic nematode that parasites the kidneys of wild and domestic carnivores, and it has been reported frequently in brazil. Dioctophyma renale definition of dioctophyma renale by. Almost two centuries later, in 1782, johann goeze first described d. The kidney worm is bloodred in color and is one of the largest of the parasitic roundworms. The only known treatment of dioctophyme renale is the surgical removal of the worm from the abdominal cavity. This study reports a case of parasitism by the giant kidney worm, dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782, in the abdominal cavity of a domestic cat from brazil. The nematode dioctophyme renale of wild carnivorous animals. Mammals can become infected with kidney worms if they ingest an intermediate host such as a or infected raw after ingestion, the larval form of the worm enters the stomach muscle and stays for about 2 weeks at which time it moves to the liver to. Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the. Badass pictures, gifs and videos of the awesome true brutality of nature.
Giant kidney worm infection in mink and dogs urinary system. Dioctophyma medical definition merriamwebster medical. There is little information on the parasites true incidence, or immune. Dioctophyme renale is commonly referred to as giant kidney worm because it is the largest helminth to parasitize humans and has the propensity to affect the kidneys. The general life cycle of this parasite was known, but further lifecycle information was discovered in the mid to latter part of the 20 th century. Essentially the worm grows in the kidney and then due to the irritation the worm is causing, the kidney is destroyed by fibrosis. Dioctophyme renale, commonly referred to as the giant kidney worm is a parasitic roundworm whose mature form is found in the kidneys of mammals. Ova of dioctophyme renale in a canine struvite urolith. Dioctophyme renale nematoda, dioctophymatidae infection in the crabeating fox cerdocyon thous from brazil ct ribeiro, gg verocai, ler tavares journal of wildlife diseases 45 1, 248250, 2009. Dioctophyme renale in vulpes vulpes from the caspian sea. Dioctophyme renale wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Human infestation is rare, but results in kidney destruction, usually of one kidney and hence not.
Dioctophyme renale feeds through digestion and ingestion of the renal parenchyma by the action of parasites oesophageal enzymes causing progressive destruction of the cortical and medullar layers and consequently the proliferation of fibrous tissue. Its clinical signs and diagnostic findings were unspecific until giant worms were observed in the urine and histological findings confirmed it was a d. Hepatic and phrenic serositis associated to numerous eggs of the parasite. Dioctophyme renale almost always resides in the right kidney. Dioctophyma renale giant kidney worm, is an uncommon parasitic roundworm that may affect both humans and other mammals. Sep 27, 2017 the giant kidney worm, dioctophyme renale, is a debilitating and potentially lethal parasite that inhabits and destroys, typically hosts right kidney, and may also be found in ectopic sites. Dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 infection in a domestic. Dioctophymiasis is the result of an infection by dioctophyme renale, a rare, large parasitic roundworm commonly found infecting the kidney tissue of carnivorous animals, such as. It develops in, and completely destroys mammalian kidneys, and is thereby a debilitating and potentially lethal parasite of humans, domestic animals and. The last one minute of the film is enormously gratifying after watching the previous part. The purpose of this study is to report the first case of parasitism by the giant kidney worm, dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782, in the crabeating fox, cerdocyon thous linnaeus, 1766, in.
Hystrichis are generally much larger than dioctophyme 1. Mid this article has been rated as midimportance on the projects importance scale. Here, we report for the first time, the parasitism of a domestic dog by d. Dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 in a cat with a supernumerary kidney.
Actually the worm is packed so tight in there that each of those circles is actually a different cross section of the worm. Giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in dogs symptoms. Dioctophymosis is a cosmopolitan food borne zoonotic helminthiasis caused by the nematode dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 enoplida. Dioctophyme renale is a parasite of the nematode class with hematophagous habits monteiro et al. Dioctophyma renale infection is found in a wide range of mammalian species, typically in temperate areas of the world. Thirteen dioctophyme renale were found at autopsy in the peritoneal cavity and one in the pelvis of a ruptured kidney of a dog from north carolina. The existence of giant kidney worm amongst carnivores in the caspian sea littoral has been previously observed during the surveys carried out in the country.
Sometimes the kidney has been devastated by the worm and it also needs to be removed. Dioctophyma renale is a parasite that frequently occurs in animals but rarely in humans. Giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in a dog a case from 2006, nicely filmed and documented, and well worth watching for those who dont mind viewing internal anatomy and some enormous parasites. In some areas, up to fiftypercent of certain species of fish may be infected with dioctophyme renale, making proper cooking of seafood a must 5. The aim here was to register the number of cases of dogs and cats diagnosed with dioctophymosis by necropsy 1981 to 2014 and ultrasound examination 2010 to 2015 in pelotasrs. Dioctophyme renale aka giant kidney worms are one of the largest parasitic roundworms and are found worldwide. Dioctophymatidae commonly known as the giant kidney worm, is the largest known nematode, and can have sizes up to 100 cm in length by 1. Eggs hatched in the intestine of the aquatic oligochaete lumbriculus variegatus, and firststage larvae migrated to the ventral blood vessel where development took place. As their name implies, kidney worms usually occur in the kidneys and more frequently in the right organ than in the left. Morphology of eggs of dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782.
Fatal bilateral dioctophymatosis journal of parasitology. Extrarenal lesion caused by dioctophyma renale eggs in an. It develops in, and completely destroys mammalian kidneys, and is thereby a debilitating and potentially lethal parasite of humans, domestic animals and endangered wildlife. The presence of the worms in the kidney results in the destruction of the functional tissue of the organ. Development of the giant kidney worm, dioctophyma renale. Human infestation is rare, but results in destruction of the kidneys. The family dioctophymidae has only one genus dioctophyme, and the name of the genus was in contention with the possibility of being dioctophyma for two hundred years. Pdf dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 in a cat with a.
C this article has been rated as cclass on the projects quality scale. A male adult stray dog was taken to the department of animal pathology, faculty of veterinary. Carlos torres ribeiro, guilherme gomes verocai, and luiz eduardo roland tavares 2009 dioctophyme renale nematoda, dioctophymatidae infection in the crabeating fox cerdocyon thous from brazil. It is circumglobally distributed, mainly in dogs, and is increasingly regarded as a threat to other domestic animals and humans. This is to ensure that we give you the best experience possible. In this study, different intensities of fibrosis were observed. Dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 is a nematode belonging to the order enoplida, family dioctophymatidae, also known as giant kidney worm, which may reach 14 to 100 cm length and 0.
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